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Patrick Wyndham Hanks (24 March 1940 – 1 February 2024) was an English lexicographer, corpus linguist, and onomastician. He edited dictionaries of general language, as well as dictionaries of personal names.
In 1983, he was appointed managing editor of COBUILD, and in 1987 he took on the additional role of chief editor of English dictionaries for Collins (now HarperCollins). In the summer of 1988 and 1989, he was a visiting scientist at AT&T Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey, where he co-authored with Ken Church influential papers Google Scholar, over 145 other cited papers on corpus-based statistical methods in lexical analysis.
Hanks died on 1 February 2024, at the age of 83.
Patrick Hanks was the author of many papers on lexical analysis, lexicography, onomastics, Many surnames began as insulting nicknames The Vancouver Sun, 9 October 2007 and and metaphor. He is editor in chief of the Dictionary of American Family Names (3 volumes, OUP 2003), and is co-author with Flavia Hodges and Kate Hardcastle of the Oxford Dictionary of First Names Was Elvis Irish, Welsh, Scottish, German or What? (1990, 2006). He was section editor for lexicography in the second edition of the Elsevier Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (ELL2; 2005), edited by Keith Brown, for which he commissioned survey articles on lexicography in all the world's major languages and on major issues in lexicography and lexicology. He edited a multivolume collection covering all aspects of lexicology for Routledge, and, with Rachel Giora, a companion collection covering all aspects of metaphor and figurative language.
From 2005 to 2009 he was a senior research associate at the Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, where he developed the empirical procedure of Corpus Pattern Analysis,Hanks, Patrick (2004) Corpus Pattern Analysis. In Williams, G. and Vessier, S. (eds.), Proceedings of the Eleventh EURALEX International Congress, EURALEX 2004, Lorient, France, 6–10 July. Lorient: Faculté des Lettres et des Sciences Humaines, Université de Bretagne Sud. 87–97. which links word meaning to patterns of word use and systematically distinguishes patterns of normal usage from creative uses. After a year in Prague at the Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics, Charles University, Prague, he returned to England as lead researcher on the FaNUK project in the Bristol Centre for Linguistics in the University of the West of England (UWE, Bristol), researching the origins, history, and geographical distribution of family names in the UK. He, with Richard Coates and Peter McClure, published The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland in 2016.
Hanks was latterly Professor in Lexicography at the Research Institute of Information and Language Processing (RIILP) in the University of Wolverhampton, where he worked on projects in Corpus Pattern Analysis.
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